Fluid mechanics is the study of fluids (liquids and gases) and the forces acting on them. It encompasses fluid statics, fluid kinematics, and fluid dynamics.
Laminar flow is smooth and orderly, with fluid particles moving in parallel layers, while turbulent flow is chaotic and characterized by eddies and vortices
Bernoulli's principle states that in a streamline flow, the sum of the pressure energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy per unit volume is constant.
Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity used to predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations. It indicates whether the flow will be laminar or turbulent.
Furnace efficiency measures how well a furnace converts fuel energy into usable heat, impacting fuel consumption and operational costs.
Key factors include fluid properties (viscosity, density), required flow rate, pipe diameter, pressure drop, temperature, material compatibility, and energy efficiency to ensure optimal performance and reliability.
A boundary layer is a thin region near a solid surface where fluid velocity transitions from zero to the free stream value, influencing heat transfer, drag, and flow resistance.
The Hagen-Poiseuille equation calculates the flow rate of a laminar flow through a pipe, relating pressure drop, fluid viscosity, and pipe dimensions, important for designing fluid transport systems.
Newtonian fluids have a constant viscosity regardless of shear rate, while non-Newtonian fluids have a variable viscosity that changes with shear rate, affecting their flow behavior and processing.
A boundary layer is a thin region near a solid surface where fluid velocity transitions from zero to the free stream value, influencing heat transfer, drag, and flow resistance.