Alternating current is an electric current that periodically reverses direction, changing its magnitude and direction over time.
DC, or direct current, flows in one direction continuously, while AC reverses direction periodically.
AC is commonly generated by rotating machines such as generators or alternators. It can also be produced by devices like inverters.
Frequency determines the rate at which the direction of current and voltage alternates. It is crucial for synchronization of AC equipment.
RMS value is the equivalent value of a steady DC current or voltage that produces the same heating effect as the AC waveform over a complete cycle.
Phase represents the position of an AC waveform relative to a reference waveform. It's often measured in degrees or radians.
Phase difference is the angular difference between two AC waveforms. It can be positive, negative, or zero, indicating lead or lag
Capacitive reactance decreases with increasing frequency, while inductive reactance increases with frequency.
Impedance is the total opposition offered to the flow of alternating current and includes resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance.
Power factor is the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current in an AC circuit, indicating how effectively power is being used.