Operators in C Language

Introduction

Operators in C are symbols that perform operations on variables and values. Operators are an essential part of programming as they enable calculations, comparisons, and logic operations. C language provides a variety of operators, which are broadly categorized into arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment, and other types.

Types of Operators

1. Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations. Common arithmetic operators include:

• +: Addition
• -: Subtraction
• *: Multiplication
• /: Division
• %: Modulus (remainder)

Example

2. Relational Operators

Relational operators are used to compare two values. The result is either true (1) or false (0). Relational operators include:

• ==: Equal to
• !=: Not equal to
• >: Greater than
• <: Less than
• >=: Greater than or equal to
• <=: Less than or equal to

Example

3. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions. They include:

• &&: Logical AND
• ||: Logical OR
• !: Logical NOT

Example

4. Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators operate on individual bits of integer values. Common bitwise operators include:

• &: AND
• |: OR
• ^: XOR
• ~: NOT
• <<: Left shift
• >>: Right shift

Example

5. Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. They include:

• =: Simple assignment
• +=: Add and assign
• -=: Subtract and assign
• *=: Multiply and assign
• /=: Divide and assign
• %=: Modulus and assign

Example

6. Other Operators

Additional operators in C include:

• Increment/Decrement Operators: ++ (increment) and -- (decrement)
• Sizeof Operator: sizeof - returns the size of a data type
• Conditional (Ternary) Operator: ? : - short form for an if-else statement

Example

Conclusion

Operators in C allow for a wide range of operations on variables and values. Understanding these operators is essential for performing calculations, logic, and data manipulations. Each operator category has specific purposes and enables complex functionalities within programs.