Data types:

In C programming language, data types specify the type of data that a variable can hold. Here are some common data types in C:

1. Basic Data Types:

• int: Used to store integers (whole numbers).

  Example: int num = 10;

• float: Used to store single-precision floating-point numbers (decimal numbers).

  Example: float pi = 3.14;

• double: Used to store double-precision floating-point numbers (larger decimal numbers).

  Example: double largeNum = 123456789.123456789;

• char: Used to store single characters or small integers.

  Example: char letter = 'A';

• void: Represents the absence of a type. Typically used as the return type of functions that do not return a value.

  Example: void func();

2. Derived Data Types:

• Array: A collection of elements of the same data type arranged in contiguous memory locations.

  Example: int numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

• Pointer: A variable that stores the memory address of another variable.

  Example: int *ptr;

• Structure (struct): A user-defined data type that allows storing multiple variables of different types under one name.

Example:

Union: Similar to a structure but uses the same memory location for all its members.

Example:

Enumeration (enum): A user-defined data type used to assign names to integral constants.

Example:

3. Modifiers:

• signed: Specifies that a variable can hold both positive and negative values (default for int and char).

• unsigned: Specifies that a variable can hold only non-negative values.

• long: Increases the size of the data type (longer range and precision).

• short: Decreases the size of the data type (shorter range and precision).

C provides a rich set of data types that allow programmers to work with various types of data efficiently. Understanding these data types and their characteristics is essential for writing robust and efficient C programs.