Classes and Objects

Java Classes and Objects

In Java, a class is a blueprint or template for creating objects. It defines the properties (fields) and behaviors (methods) that objects of that type will have. Here's a basic example of a Java class:

Class:

• A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines the attributes (variables) and behaviors (methods) that objects of the class will have.
• It serves as a template from which objects are created.
• Classes encapsulate data for the object and define methods to operate on that data.
• They provide a way to organize and structure code.

Example of a simple class in Java:

    public class Car {
        // Attributes
        String brand;
        String color;
        int year;
    
        // Constructor
        public Car(String brand, String color, int year) {
            this.brand = brand;
            this.color = color;
            this.year = year;
        }
    
        // Method
        public void drive() {
            System.out.println("The " + color + " " + year + " " + brand + " is driving.");
        }
    }      

Object:

• An object is an instance of a class. It represents a real-world entity.
• Objects have states (attributes) and behaviors (methods) defined by its class.
• Multiple objects can be created from the same class blueprint, each with its own set of attribute values.

Example of creating objects in Java:

    public class Main {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            // Creating objects of class Car
            Car car1 = new Car("Toyota", "Blue", 2020);
            Car car2 = new Car("BMW", "Red", 2019);
            
            // Accessing object methods
            car1.drive(); // Output: The Blue 2020 Toyota is driving.
            car2.drive(); // Output: The Red 2019 BMW is driving.
        }
    }
  

In this example, Car is a class with attributes like brand, color, and year, and a method drive(). car1 and car2 are objects (instances) of the Car class, each with its own set of attribute values.